Online Guide and Manuals

ADJUSTMENT

TIRE INFLATION (COLD)
Before attempting to check or adjust wheel alignment, ensure that tires are properly inflated. Refer to specifications in owners handbook for proper inflation procedures.

CASTER
Generally caster is stated as nonadjustable, and that if not within specifications parts are to be replaced. However, in some instances when slight adjustment will alleviate the problem, adjustment of strut bar nut is permitted.

CAMBER
Camber is nonadjustable. If not within specifications, check front suspension for damage. Repair or replace parts as necessary.

TOE-IN
Position wheels in straight-ahead position. If toe-in is not within specifications, loosen locking nuts on tie rod turn buckles. Rotate buckles until toe-in is within specifications. Tighten lock nuts. NOTE - Adjustment must be made equally to both sides of vehicle to maintain correct wheel lock angles; difference of tie rod length when adjusted should not exceed .20" (5.1 mm).


ADJUSTMENT

TIRE INFLATION (COLD)
Before attempting to check and adjust wheel alignment, ensure tires are properly inflated. Model 100 requires 26 psi in front and 28 psi in rear. Fox require 24 psi in front and 27 psi in rear.

CASTER
Fox - Caster angle is not adjustable. However, if not to specifications, check suspension for wear or damage and repair or replace necessary components.

Model 100 - Caster and camber adjustment must be made at the same time. See Camber adjustment procedure.

CAMBER 
Fox - With vehicle loaded down or placed on blocks, measure camber angle. If not to specifications, loosen ball joint nuts and attach tool US 4471 (or equivalent). Tighten tool nut to break loose joint from control arm. NOTE - When tool nut is loosened weight of vehicle will move wheel to negative camber. After adjustment retorque ball joint nuts to 47 ft. lbs. (6.5 mkg).

Model 100 - 1) With vehicle equipped with spare tire and full fuel tank, measure caster and camber angle. If not to specifications, remove inner ball joint-to-lower control arm mounting bolt and install camber adjusting tool (US 9020) as shown in Fig. 1. Install and slightly tighten on 8 mm bolt and washer in threaded hole between inner and outer ball joint mounting bolts on lower control arm, then loosen outer mounting bolt. Tighten tensioner bolt on adjusting tool to break loose ball joint, then tighten or loosen tensioner bolt until camber angle is set to specifications.

2) To adjust caster angle, leave camber adjusting tool installed to maintain adjusted camber angle, then install caster adjusting tool as shown in Fig. 1. Adjust caster angle to specifications by moving ball joint forward or backward by means of adjusting tool. Hold adjusting tool stationary and tighten outer ball joint mounting bolt to 80 ft. lbs. (11 mkg). Remove caster and camber adjusting tools and tighten inner bolt to 47 ft. lbs. (6.5 mkg), then remove 8 mm bolt and washer.

Fig. 1  Adjusting Caster and Camber on Audi 100 with Special Tool. For Camber Adjusting Tool is Similar

TOE-IN

All Models - Before checking toe-in, check wheel rim runout and replace rim if necessary. If toe-in is not to specifications, adjust by loosening tie rod outer locking nut and clamp and turning tie rods until correct toe-in is obtained. Tighten lock nut and clamp and recheck toe-in.

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NOTE - These illustrations are not intended to represent exact structure of the manufacturer's frame, underbody or body outline. These are presented only to give the mechanic some point of reference.

The following illustrations indicate areas (parts) of the underbody and frame which may be used to raise and support the vehicle, using either floor jack or hoist. Thse points are indicated by shaded areas on the frame (see sample illustration).

Those points designated on the outline of the body were specifically designed to facilitate the use of the vehicle's own jack, but may also be used to raise and support the vehicle by means of floor jack or hoist. These jacking points are indicated by circular dots on the outline of the body (see sample illustration). If floor jack or hoist is employed, extreme care should be exercised to prevent damaging the outer body shell.

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All Models - Check working surfaces of ball pins and their seats, and ball joint studs for damage or wear. Axial play should not exceed specifications (.04"). Replace complete ball joint unit when indicated

All Models - With lower control arm removed, measure axial (up and down) movement of ball joint stud. If movement exceeds .0945", replace ball joint.

All Models - With components removed from control arm and ball joint still installed, check the following: Horizontal and vertical free play (0") and ball joint rotation starting torque 4-7 ft. lbs. (.6-1.0 mkg). Replace ball joints if correct specifications are not obtained

All Models - Check working surfaces of ball joints and studs for wear or damage. End play should not exceed .031" (.8mm). If end play is excessive, replace ball joint.

All Models (Exc. 620 Pickup) - Remove lower control arm. Measure axial movement by lifting and depressing ball joint stud. Difference between these two measurements is axial movement. Using suitable spring tension gauge attached to top of ball joint stud measure force (INCH lbs.) required to move ball joint stud laterally. If either measurement is not within specifications, replace ball joint.
All Models - With vehicle raised and supported under lower control arms, grasp wheel at top and bottom and try to shake wheel. If any movement is noted, control arm must be removed for further inspection

All Models - Raise and support front of vehicle. Attach dial indicator onto lower control arm with indicator tip on steering knuckle near ball joint. Place pry bar between lower control arm and steering knuckle.

All Models - Upper ball joint must be replaced. If signs of wear or play are evident. The lower ball joint is adjustable with shims if axial play exceeds .004-.006" (.10-.15 mm). Shims must not be removed to take up excessive wear in ball pin and socket. If parts are excessively worn, replacement is required.

With vehicle raised and supported under lower control arms, grasp wheel at top and bottom. Try to shake wheel and if any movement is noted, inspect front suspension for wear or damage.

All Models - Check ball joint dust seal for wear or damage and, if necessary, replace seal. Ball joint end play must not exceed .039" (1 mm). If end play exceeds specifications, replace ball joint.

All Models - Raise and support front of vehicle. Inspect ball joint rubber boots for damage and replace as necessary. Using suitable gauge (J-23745) measure axial play. If axial play is more than .080" (2 mm), ball joint must be replaced.

All Models - Inspect ball joints for roughness or excessive wear. Replace ball joints as necessary.

All Models - When moving ball pin some friction torque should be felt. If ball pin can be moved without resistance and end play is shown, replace ball joint.

All Models - Inspect ball joints for wear or excessive play. Replace ball joint as necessary.

All Models - If ball joint exhibits excessive play, it must be replaced as a complete unit.

All Models - Check ball joint for excessive play by pushing and pulling on ball joint stud. Allowance loosness is less than .012". If play exceeds this specification, ball joint must be replaced.

All Models - While rotating hub, tighten spindle nut to 18 ft. lbs. Loosen nut, then retighten to 7 ft. lbs. Back off on nut 1/4 turn and install cotter key. If slot in spindle nut does not align with hole in spindle, tighten nut until it is possible to insert cotter key. After cotter key is installed, ensure that bearing retainer plate can be easily rotated by insterting a screwdriver in plate holes

NOTE - The following procedure can only be performed using special tools indicated.

Model 100 (Front) - 1) Raise and support front of vehicle. Remove lower wheel bolt and replace with special wheel bolt adapter (V-104) and special dial indicator (G-43). By means of retaining screw on special tool (V1-104), adjust dial indicator to pretensioned position of 1 millimeter.

2) Grasp wheel at front and rear. First push inward on front while pulling outward on rear, record dial indicator reading. Reverse this procedure and record dial indicator reading. Difference between these two readings is wheel bearing play. If play exceeds .04-.07 mm, adjustment will be necessary.

3.) Remove cotter pin and castle nut. If there was too much play, tighten spindle nut until play is within specifications. If there was insufficient play, remove wheel, spindle nut and its shim. Replace and tighten spindle nut. Using 1 millimeter feeler gauge, loosen spindle nut until it is possible to insert feeler gauge between spindle nut and wheel hub. Attach special hub puller (V-26) and withdraw hub until it is firmly in contact with spindle nut. Remove puller and retighten spindle nut until it is within specifications

Model 100 (Rear) - Raise and support rear of vehicle. Remove grease cup and one wheel bolt. Attach special dial indicator (30-43), using wheel bolt adapter (40-104) and attachment (10-22). Dial indicator activator foot should be pretensioned to 1 millimeter against the stub axle. Grasp wheel at front and rear. Move wheel on horizontal axis. If reading on dial indicator is not .02-.04mm, adjustment will be necessary. Adjust by loosening or tightening spindle nut

NOTE - Fox front wheel bearing is not adjustable. Torque stub axle nut to 13 ft. lbs.

Fox (Rear) - Remove grease cup, cotter pin and castle nut. Tighten spindle nut and loosen for adjustment. Adjust by lightly tightening spindle nut until plain washer (beneath spindle nut) can just be moved from side to side, using screwdriver. Thin adjustment will correspond to .0012-.0027" (.03-06 mm) wheel bearing play.

Austin Marina - Raise and support vehicle so that front wheel is not touching ground. Remove grease cup and attach suitable magnetic base dial indicator with base on brake drum and actuating foot touching spindle. Bearing wobble should be from .001-.005". If adjustment is required remove cotter pin and slacken castle nut. Torque castle nut to 5ft lb. while spinning wheel. Stop wheel, slacken castle nut, and retighten castle nut, finger tight only. Reinstall cotter pin. NOTE - At minimum end-float figure given a considerable amount of movement will  be felt in the front wheel. Do not reduce end-float below .001".

2002 Models - While rotating wheel hub, tighten castle nut to 22-24 ft. lbs., then rotate hub at least two more times. Loosen castle nut until bearing end play is noticed. Tighten castle nut to maximum of 2.2 ft. lbs., then loosen nut to nearest hole an install cotter key. NOTE - After adjustment, slotted washer should move easily, without noticeable resistance.

3.0 Si and 530 i Models - While rotating wheel hub, tighten castle nut to 7 ft. lbs. Loosen castle nut approximately 1/4 turn. Insert screwdriver in recess of bearing retainer washer and ensure washer can be rotated easily. Install suitable gauge holder (BMW 00 2 500) on wheel hub and install dial indicator with tip touching front axle stub. Move wheel hub back and forth several times and check bearing end play. Adjust castle nut until bearing end play is .0008-.0024". NOTE - Set bearing end play as close to lowest limit as possible. Install cotter key.

All Models - Rotate wheel, hub and drum assembly while turning adjusting nut to 17-25 ft. lbs. Back off nut one-half turn. Retighten adjusting nut to 10-15 INCH lbs. Reinstall cotter pin and check front wheel rotation

All Models - Tighten adjusting nut to 14.5 ft. lbs. After seating bearing components, loosen nut to 0 ft. lbs. Now make final adjustment to 3.6 ft. lbs. After installing lock cap, insert cotter pin. NOTE - Do not loosen adjusting nut more than 15 degrees to align spindle holes.

All models - While rotating wheel, hub and drum assembly, tighten adjusting nut to 17-25 ft. lbs. Back adjusting nut off 1/2 turn and retighten nut to 6-8 ft. lbs. Install new cotter key and check wheel rotation.

All models - Tighten spindle nut to torque specifications in following table. Spin wheel and retorque spindle nut. Loosen nut according to specifications in following table and then tighten to align cotter key hole. Insert cotter pin.

Application                        Torque                  Loosen
B210..................................22-25....................90 Degrees
Pickup................................22-25....................40 to 70 Degrees
All Other.............................18-22...................60 Degrees

Model 124 and 131 - While rotating hub, torque spindle nut to 14.5 ft. lbs. Completely loosen nut and retighten to 5 ft. lbs. Loosen nut 30 Degrees and stake collar of spindle nut into machined slot on spindle. Attach dial indicator with magnetic base on brake drum and actuating foot on spindle. Hub end play should not exceed .004". NOTE - When ever spindle nut has been removed it must be replaced with a new nut.

Models 128 and X 1/9 - Tighten front and rear spindle nuts to 112 ft. lbs. When spindle nuts are properly tightened, stake collar of spindle nut into machined slot on spindle.

All Models (Front) - Front wheel bearings are not adjustable. Torque front spindle nut to 87-130 ft. lbs. (Civic CVCC)

All Models - While rotating hub, tighten nut until no end play is evident. Loosen nut 1 or 2 flats to line up cotter key and install cotter key. End play should be measured with a dial indicator and should be .002-.006". If not within specifications, adjust axle nut to correct end play.

All Models - While rotating wheel, tighten spindle nut to 22 ft. lbs. Turn hub through two or three turns and loosen nut until just finger tight. Check free play. Using a pull scale attached to wheel stud, measure turning torque; adjust nut until pull recorded on scale is 1.1 to 1-2.6 lbs. when wheel begins to rotate.

All Models - With vehicle raised and supported under lower control arms, measure amount of bearing preload using a pull scale hooked on hub bolt. Preload should be 1.3-2.4 lbs. (81600) or .9-2.2 lbs. (all other models). If not to specifications, adjust by tightening spindle nut until correct bearing preload is obtained. Align slot of spindle nut with hole in spindle and install new cotter key.

All Models - While rotating hub, tighten clamping nut until hub can just be turned. Loosen clamping nut and release bearing tension by striking steering knuckle spindle with plastic hammer. Using a suitable dial indicator, check wheel bearing end play. End play should be .0004-.0008". Adjust clamping nut until end play is within limits. Tighten socket bolt of clamping nut. Washer between outer bearing and clamping nut should rotate with light pressure applied to it.

Midget - Raise front of vehicle and remove each wheel. Remove caliper assembly, but do not disconnect hydraulic brake hose. Support caliper to prevent damage to hose. Attach suitable dial indicator and measure runout of hub at outer edge of brake rotor. If runout exceeds .006" remove rotor and reposition on hub. Torque spindle nut to 46 ft lbs. and recheck runout.

MGB and MGB/GT - Raise front of vehicle and remove fron wheels. Using suitable dial indicator, measure hub end play. Correct end play is .002-.004". If not within specifications, remove spindle nut, washer and outer bearing. Add or remove shims behind outer bearing, until correct end play is obtained with spindle nut torqued to 40-70 ft. lbs.

All Models - Raise and support front of vehicle. While rotating wheel, torque spindle nut to 18 ft. lbs. Back off spindle nut 1/4 turn. If slot in spindle nut and hole in spindle do not align, back off nut until they are aligned and insert cotter pin. Properly adjusted wheel bearing will exhibit small amount of end play

All Models - While turning wheel tighten spindle nut to 22 ft. lbs. Loosen and retorque nut to 7 ft. lbs. Lock nut in this position by staking nut collar into slot of spindle.

All Models - Turn wheel and tighten clamping nut just enough to seat roller bearings. Loosen until tab washer can be easily moved in a lateral direction (by means of screwdriver) and no perceptible bearing play is felt when hub is moved axially. Tighten screw on clamping nut to specified torque and recheck adjustment.

All Models (Front) - Front wheel bearings are not adjustable. Torque front spindle nut to 145 ft. lbs.

All Models (Rear) - Install washer and lock nut. Tighten lock nut to 36 ft. lbs. (5 mkg) to seat bearings. Loosen lock nut completely, then tighten nut to 1.4-2.9 ft. lbs. (.2-.4 mkg) and lock nut in place by bending flange into slot of lock nut.

All Models (Front) - Front wheel bearing is not adjustable. Tighten spindle nut to 174 ft. lbs.

4WD Station Wagon (Rear) - Rear wheel bearings are not adjustable. Tighten spindle lock nut to 145 - 181 ft. lbs.